Burushaski Primer - Let us read and write

 Burushaski Girminas is latin/Roman based keyboard developed for Buruśo Mahraka, and it is available for free.

Burushaski Orthography

How to use the keyboard  (Desktop)

How to use the keyboard on touch devices   (tablets, phones)

Click this link on your mobile to install or search Buruśaski Girminas in Play Store.

 

HISTORICAL ATTEMPTS, LATEST -BURUSHO MARAKA

SPECIAL CHARACTERS/SYMBOLS – BURUSHASKI QAIDA, BOOROSHASKI QAIDA

Typing characters with Burushaski Girminas Keyboard (Desktop)

For diacritic vowels with tilde, there is only one rule -- on your keyboard press tilde (~) followed by your desired vowel.                         

Acute Vowels                ã       ẽ                                   ĩ                      õ                  ũ

Key Combinations

            ~   a     ~ e       ~ i       ~ o      ~ u

Please follow the key combinations for the extra Buruśaski characters. Most of the characters will preceed with /dot/, unless the dot has already been used in another rule. Only Ć and Ś have different rule. Ś will be the output of S + H and Ć will be the output of C + C.

In order to write just /sh/, you have to press s +h+h.

Output                      C̣                         Ć                Ġ                    Ḍ                 Ś

            Input  dot + C           C + C   dot + G           dot + D           s + h

Output                      Ṅ                        Ṭ                Ṭ                    Ẓ                  Ṣ

            Input  dot + N           dot + T           dot + Y           dot + Z           dot + S

For capitalization of the characters, use /Shif Key/ and then input the required key combinations.

Á – á ; Ā - ā; C̣, Ć;  Ì- í ; É- é ; Ē- ē; Ú -ú; Ū- ŭ; Ó- ó ; Ō- ō;  Ḍ; Ď – ď;  Ẓ;  Ż – ż; Ŕ – ŕ; Ś; Ś; -ś ; Ġ – ġ; Ṅ, Ň – ň; Ȝ- ȝ; Ṭ, Ϯ- ϯ ; Ý – ý; Γ – γ.

 

A - a: Examples (click to listen); AMIN; AMIS; AMIŠ; AYAS; AY'AMAM; AY; API; APPI; AY ǦUNO MO NE SHANIE ǦUNO' TSUM KE BIZ ÃR.

A’ - a’: Examples (click to listen). ÃJO; GÃR;THÃR; MÃR; ŠÃR;  ŠHÃR; CÃR.

Ã- ã : Examples (click to listen); ÃRÃM; ÃMXÃM; XUDÃ; SHÃR; SHÃRAR KACÃR.

I - i : Examples (click to listen). IL; IN; IRI`Γ; INJUKUŠ, HIŠ; FIŠ; XIŠ; LIŠ; CHIŠ; TIŠ.

I’ - i’: Examples (click to listen). I`L; I`RIMI; I`Y; HI`Š.

E - e : Examples: ETAS; ESAS; ES; EQUWAS; EQULANAS; EWARAS; EWALAS.

E' - e' : Examples (click to listen). ĚMANAS; ĚWARAS; ĚŠ IYAS; ĚMANAS HILES; ĚWARAS HIR; ĚŠYAS XUK.

Ě - ě : Examples (click to listen). ĚMANAS; ĚWARAS; ĚSIRUS; THARĚS ĚWARAS KE BĚ ĚMULTSAS KE BĚ.

U - u : Examples: U; UYUM K KO; ULUM; UMUR; URKAR  ŹAKUN I’RUS GAR SENAN; UXÛYAYAS.

U' - u' : Examples (click to listen). U'; U'MUTS; U'MUS; U'Š ; U'S; U'YAR.

Û - û : Examples (click to listen). ŪÝ; GUÝ ; LŪM; MŪM; RŪM

O -o : Examples (click to listen). OS; GOS; BOS; XOR; THOR; TSHORDIMO TSHOR DIYE.

O' - o' : Examples (click to listen). O'S; GO'R; TSHO'R; BO'R; GO'R GÃRSHIBI 

Õ - õ : Examples (click to listen). ÕS; GÕR; MÕR; MÕR JU'E; ÕS KE GÕR DU'SHI

B - b: Examples (click to listen). BÊ ; BII3; BIŠ ; BARAYITIΓ ; BÕT; BÕŠ  ; BUK; BUL; BUN; BUWA; BUŠAY ; WAZIIIRE BUŠAY; AYAR BÕT ETAS  BA’ ;BUŠAY ULO  BO' Examples (click to listen).    NIBILA; BUK AXOLJIBI; BUL GAR MM BILA; BUN IFALT; BUA DALENUM DILTAR TSHILΓÛUM; BALDA; BUŠAY BUŠAYE CAQ KE THUM.

P -p : Examples (click to listen). PUŠO'M ; PIPI ; POQ ; PIRǦARI ; PUŠOΓOR ; PADÃRAN ; PIAQMAR ; YUR ALIMUTSE IDIGARI PIRǦALI MUTS  BIYE ; CHÛSHIE PUŠUΓOR ; BUŠAY PADÃRAN MANILA.

T -t : Examples (click to listen). TUS ; TUSHPOŤ ; TASHPI ; TUSPOR ; TABAN  TILIYA  ; TAǦAR ; TAKAL ; GÛY'Ě    TUSAR GUWALŠ ; TUSHPOŤ  MAN ; TASHPI MUJURE DIWSHÃN ; TUSHPORE ŤAŤAS FAMERULO BI ; TAǦARAR UŤIN ; TAKAL  DIL.

TH - th : Examples (click to listen). THAM ; THUM ;THUR ; THER ; THUKI ; THALY  ; THARKÕ  ; THIL ; THALISA ;  ǦUNIKIŠ  DIMANUM   XÃNDANE THUKI BAY ;THALYÕ SHASKE  ǦAŠKOE YASHICÃN ;HUNTSE THARKÕΓ  GATSHIRE SIΓE MEY BITSAΓ  ; DAN KE LIP THARKÕΓ  KE LIP ; TARMUKE THIL BAŤE BILA ; THALISA BU'R

Ť – ť : Examples (click to listen). ŤAŤU; ŤUSKÛRI; ŤU'RO; TORO; ŤUKORO; ŤIKERI; ŤUKTSE; ŤUΓRO; ŤU'RO ISARUME ŠBAŠ API, IXARUME ŤHUKI API; BALIE ŤIKERI; GAPE ŤIKO; ŤUNΓRO  ǦUNIKIŠ BUY'A.

TH -th : Examples (click to listen). THARII THAM; THAK, THIR NIIN MATHIR DITSAS BESAN? DAN NIIN TILI DITSAS DÃ BESAN.

J - j : Examples (click to listen). JUW N; JA ; JO ; JUT; JURUT; JULUSTO; JUM; JURO; JURKHUS;  RAS SISE JURUT DUMARCAY; GARONI JULUSTO MANUBO; IN HIR JUMGUYN BAY; IN JURKHUS BAY; ASE JANJÃLIΓ AXOLJITSAΓ.

C -c : Examples (click to listen). CIICAM; CE'L ; CAΓ ; CAMAQ ;GIRMINAS  ATANASAR CIICAM E ; HAR DUROULO CE' L AYE; SIS CAΓ AYOTI; SHERMAN D S CHAMAQE GA  RIMI.

CH - ch: Examples (click to listen: CHÛSHI; CHAŠ  ; CHAǦEN; CHEMILΓ ;CHAMURIKI; CHAMUS; CHURKAS; CHAKENIMIΓ ; CHUSHIE  ǦALǦU; CHAŠ DIŠ KIYAŠULO KE HIRUM;  ǦÃNE CHAP SHECI CHAǦENE ICHODU BÃRDUM; CHEMILI E MESQAYBI; HANIE DEL TSE CHAMURIKIE;;  BURUM   E BATERE CHAMUS MILI BILA; CHURKAS  RUE SHUA MEYBI; GUTSI CHAKENIMIΓ AYÃ ; CHIǦKINAS.

H - h: Examples (click to listen: HAPKUYN; HORKO ; HAMAL; HOL; HUNTS; HUNAM; HUMAK; HI`Ś  ; HIIŚ ; HUŚ ; HÛŚ  ; HURUŤUME HIK DIYE ME THA  ŚIQAR SENÃN; HUNZE HUMAKULO  O'S; HUNAM TALOQULO  O'S; HOL MOĠUL B Y; HIŚ KE AYE; HIIŚ AYETI; HALAR BAT   ĠAKAT; HALE DARUAR TÃ  SAMÃN E SENÃN.

X -x: Examples (click to listen:   XUDÃ; XÃM  ; XURÃPO; XIR; XI`R; XERTS; XURTS; XAP; XÃR; XUDÃ DAMAN BAY; YARKENE XÃM BILA; XURÃP GUYO MU' APÃN; XIRAYĚTSO; XIIR Ě  CILA; MALTAŚE XERTS; MART DO'RUMAŤE XURTS; XAP CAMAQ; SINDAXAR; XARǦENIŚ.

D - d : Examples (click to listen: DUL; DAN; DAΓ ; DUR; DAR; DAĠU; DIRAM; DIWÃKO; DIWALOK; DAR BILUM DARU; HUN KE DAĠU; DIW KUMO BARAYIŤIΓ ;DURAŤE WALAY; DIGASHÃR.

 Ḍ – ď :  Examples (click to listen:  ḌAR;  ḌIR;  ḌAKO;  ḌU ḌU'RO; DUKURI;  ḌÃKI;  ḌÃMAL;  ḌAḌAΓ ;  ḌAḌAΓAR NUPARAN NAŤ SENAN.

Z -z : Examples (click to listen: ZAZAΓ; ZAZAΓIŠ; ZANΓSA; ZANQAN; ZARANΓ;HAĠUR ZAZAΓ AYE; JAMIPE BALDAKIŚ KE GUYMO ZAZAΓIŚ SENĀN; ZAΓSA IXAT CHANUM BILA; QARABURA; ZARΓE FATAMUTS YARKEN KE QASHQAR TSUM DUSHAN.

Ź – ź: Examples (click to listen: ŻAKUN; ŻAMAE; ŻAPA; ŻAPAK; ŻAKUN ÌRAS URKAR GAR SENĀN; ŻAME APIMANAR  IQAR API SENĀN; ŻAPAK SHE ATUCHA ALCHILA.

R - r : Examples (click to listen:; RAMUTO; RÓM; RĀ3I; RAQPIN; RAQ; RAQPINE TSAMIKAR RAQ.

Ř – ř:

TS - ts :

TSH - tsh :

3 - 3 :

3H - 3h :

S - s :

SH - sh :

Š – š:  Examples (click to listen: ŚAPIK; ŚAŚAΓ; ŚAROΓ; ŚAWĒR; ŚUŚ RO; ŚAR TSUM KE GALTAR SENĀN.

F -f : Example: (click to listen: PHAMOL; PHAL; PHĒRO; PHIRAN; PHURUKI; PHURKA; PHRUKUS; PHAMONTSAL.

Q -q :  Examples (click to listen: QARALI; QAN3; QAM; QAMTU; QANJAQA;  ŻAKUNE QA Γ PHARIŚE QAT ECHIBI

K - k :  Examples (click to listen: KIIKI; KIŚ EK; KUR; KUMEK; KURPA; KIRPA; KECHIKICH ĀLI; KARMIN. KARMUN

KH - kh :  Examples (click to listen: KHON; KHIN; KHISFIN; KHISHO; KHOR;KHORAN; KHARO; BAϮERI Γ E KHOR; MANOTE KHORAN;  HĀ KHARÓ; ĠENŚIE TARAZUMUTSE KHARÓ

G - g :  Examples (click to listen: GAR; GÁR; GÓN; GÓR; GAYAL ; GIKIN; GAYMÁLÌ; GURKON; GARMUN; GIRGIN; GARULO JUWAR JUWARULO GÁR SENĀN.

Ġ – ǧ  Examples (click to listen: ĠUϮ ; ĠASHIL; ĠAMES; GUYAΓ ; ĠUMALDI; ĠU UL; ĠON; ĠUN; ĠULAM ;ĠIIN; ĠIINE ĠIYKI SARKE; ĠUNULO GUWALUM; ĠARBEL KE YAN AR; HAĠUR

L - l :  Examples (click to listen: LAŚO; LALUM; LAL; LŌNȜ; LAMPAGIYAL.

M - m:  Examples (click to listen: MAMA; MAMU; MUK; MURMU ; MARMA ; MARMAQ; MARUTS; MUL ; MULIIŚ; MEŚ; MĒNASHŚ; MARU; MARUTS; MUL; MUŚ; MALA; MULIIŚ GALIMI; DISHAR NUPARAN MEŚ BISHA;MARU MARUTSE DURO BILA; IN BAP CHAP TSUM MALA BAY.

N - n :  Examples (click to listen: NASH; NÁSH; NARO; NAMÁL; NARSIΓ ; NÁΓ

Ñ - ñ: Examples (click to listen:  ŚŪŇ ; KŪŇ KŪŇ; ŪŇ; HUKE  ĠŪŇ   ĠŪŇ ECIBI. JAHĀZE RŪŇ RŪŇ ECIBI.

Γ – γ:  Examples (click to listen: Gaγi; Guγgi; Aγi; Aγgi; Daγal; Haγ ; Fuγ .

W - w:  Examples (click to listen: WAR; WAŚ; WAϮ; WĀ ; WĀ KUWLO TSAT MANE.

Y - y:  Examples (click to listen: YÁΓ; YÚTO; YURT; YÚŚ; YURĠOL; YESH; YURĠALIMUTS; YARAQ; YARĀQ; YÚRO; YÁLI; GARE YÚRO BILA; GIRMINASE AYÁLI BILA; YĀLI API.

Examples (click to listen: BURUSHASKI BĀŚE HARPUTS FAŚ MANIMIYEN.

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