Monday, June 9, 2025

Faith and Practice – The Ismaili Talimat

Faith and Practice – The Ismaili Talimat

Qur’anic Roots and Contemporary Guidance

Introduction

In the Ismaili Muslim tradition, faith (īmān) and practice (ʿamal) go hand in hand. Belief is not something abstract or confined to ritual—it is meant to shape how we live, how we serve others, and how we grow spiritually. The Talimat (teachings) of the Imam of the Time guide Ismailis in making that connection real and meaningful in their everyday lives.

The Institute of Ismaili Studies’ curriculum Faith and Practice in Islamic Traditions offers a rich, accessible exploration of how Islam’s spiritual and ethical teachings—rooted in the Qur’an—are interpreted through the lens of the Imamat. It shows how the Qur’anic vision of faith comes alive in the Ismaili worldview today.


1. Qur’an and the Call to Faithful Action

The Qur’an often reminds us that belief must be followed by action:

“Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds — for them will be gardens beneath which rivers flow...”
(Qur’an 2:25)

Ismaili teachings reflect this principle: faith is not complete unless it transforms how we live and serve. The Imam encourages murids (followers) to embody values like honesty, compassion, humility, and generosity—not just in worship but in school, at work, in family life, and in service to humanity.


2. The Imam as a Living Guide

In the Ismaili tradition, the Imam of the Time is more than a symbolic leader—he is a living interpreter of the Qur’an. This concept is rooted in the Qur’anic verse:

“And We made them Imams who guide by Our command...”
(Qur’an 21:73)

Through Talimat, the Imam helps murids understand how to live Islam meaningfully in today’s world. This includes guidance on ethics, education, pluralism, family life, and global citizenship. The Farmans and institutional initiatives of the Imamat reflect this commitment to spiritual and worldly upliftment.


3. Knowledge, Ethics, and the Qur’anic Mandate

The Qur’an honors knowledge and wisdom:

“Are those who know equal to those who do not know?”
(Qur’an 39:9)

It also commands justice:

“Indeed, Allah commands justice and the doing of good...”
(Qur’an 16:90)

Ismaili Talimat echo these values. Education is not just about exams—it’s a spiritual obligation. Justice is not just a legal idea—it’s a moral responsibility. Institutions like the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) turn these values into real action—promoting health, education, and dignity for all, regardless of faith.


4. Worship and the Inner Life

The Qur’an encourages deep and personal connection with God:

“Call upon your Lord humbly and in secret...”
(Qur’an 7:55)
“Remember Allah with much remembrance…”
(Qur’an 33:41–42)

In the Ismaili tradition, bandagi (private prayer) and dhikr (remembrance) offer a space for murids to cultivate that inward devotion. These practices are not just rituals—they are a way to experience divine closeness and inner peace in daily life.


5. Diversity and Pluralism: A Qur’anic Ethic

One of the most beautiful verses in the Qur’an speaks of diversity as a divine sign:

“O humankind! We created you from a male and a female and made you into nations and tribes, so that you may come to know one another.”
(Qur’an 49:13)

This spirit of pluralism is central to Ismaili Talimat. The Imam teaches that difference is not a threat but a strength—a way for communities to learn from each other, work together, and build peace. Ismailis are encouraged to be open, respectful, and engaged with the world around them.


6. Revelation and Ongoing Guidance

The Qur’an is the final revelation, but its meanings are deep and often symbolic:

“In it are verses that are clear and others that are allegorical…”
(Qur’an 3:7)

Ismailis believe that the Imam helps uncover these meanings (ta’wil) over time, ensuring that the faith remains relevant and responsive. The Faith and Practice curriculum encourages learners to think critically and spiritually—to seek not only knowledge, but understanding.


Conclusion

The Qur’an gives us the foundation. The Imam provides the guidance. And the Talimat help us live that faith—in our worship, in our families, in our service, and in our pursuit of knowledge.

The Ismaili path is a living tradition, rooted in scripture yet continually evolving through interpretation and action. As the Faith and Practice volumes remind us, true Islam is not static—it’s dynamic, ethical, and always connected to the challenges and hopes of the present.


Read more:
📚 Faith and Practice in Islamic Traditions – Published by the Institute of Ismaili Studies
🌍 www.iis.ac.uk

DOWNLOAD BOOKS

Wednesday, June 4, 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into war weapons

The Rise of AI in War: Power, Peril, and the Future of Conflict

By [Hisamullah Beg]

Introduction

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer just a tool for civilian applications like education, healthcare, and business. It is now being integrated into military systems—changing the rules of warfare. From autonomous drones to intelligent surveillance, AI is reshaping the battlefield. But with these innovations come serious questions: Can machines be trusted to decide who lives and who dies? And are we ready for the ethical and legal dilemmas AI in war brings?


1. How Is AI Being Used in Warfare?

a. Autonomous Weapons Systems (AWS)

AWS are systems that can select and engage targets without direct human control. These include drones that can loiter, identify targets, and fire autonomously. Some examples include loitering munitions like Israel’s Harpy or the U.S. military’s AI-guided drone projects (Horowitz, 2018).

b. Intelligence and Surveillance

AI analyzes data from satellites, reconnaissance drones, and sensors to identify threats. Systems like Project Maven have been used to enhance object detection in drone footage.

c. Smart Decision-Making Tools

AI is used in command centers to simulate battlefield scenarios, assist military strategy, and predict enemy movements using big data analytics.

d. Cyber Operations

AI-driven cybersecurity tools help detect and neutralize digital threats, and may be used in offensive cyberattacks targeting enemy networks or infrastructure.

e. Swarming Drones

Inspired by insect behavior, AI enables drones to fly in coordinated “swarms.” These systems can be used for surveillance, attack missions, or electronic jamming.


2. Ethical and Legal Dilemmas

Who Is Accountable?

If an autonomous weapon kills civilians, who is responsible—the programmer, the commanding officer, or no one at all?

Can AI Follow International Humanitarian Law?

International law requires distinguishing between combatants and civilians. AI systems may lack the nuanced judgment to make such distinctions in real-world conditions.

Should Machines Make Lethal Decisions?

Many ethicists argue that decisions involving human life should always remain under meaningful human control (Asaro, 2012).

Could AI Make War More Frequent?

The speed and automation of AI systems may reduce the threshold for starting conflict, leading to more frequent or less accountable uses of force.


3. The Global Response

United Nations Discussions

The UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) has hosted discussions on lethal autonomous weapons, though binding agreements remain elusive.

Campaigns for Regulation

Organizations such as the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots advocate for a preemptive ban on fully autonomous weapons before they become widespread.

National Positions Vary

  • The U.S. and Russia support continued development under human oversight.
  • Countries like Austria and Brazil have called for strict international bans.

4. The Road Ahead: What Should Be Done?

AI can make military operations faster, more precise, and potentially less harmful. However, this power must be matched by ethical restraint, international law, and clear accountability frameworks.

Key Recommendations:

  • Establish international laws prohibiting fully autonomous lethal weapons.
  • Maintain meaningful human control in all uses of force.
  • Promote transparency and international cooperation in AI research and military use.

Conclusion

The integration of AI into warfare is not science fiction—it is today’s reality. While it offers strategic advantages, it also brings the risk of dehumanized, unaccountable violence. The world must act now to ensure that as machines become more powerful, our commitment to human dignity, rights, and peace remains stronger.


References

  1. Asaro, P. (2012). On Banning Autonomous Weapon Systems: Human Rights, Automation, and the Dehumanization of Lethal Decision-Making. International Review of the Red Cross.
  2. Horowitz, M.C. (2018). Artificial Intelligence, International Competition, and the Balance of Power. Texas National Security Review.
  3. United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA). (2021). The Weaponization of Increasingly Autonomous Technologies: Artificial Intelligence.
  4. Campaign to Stop Killer Robots. (2023). https://www.stopkillerrobots.org
  5. Boulanin, V. & Verbruggen, M. (2017). Mapping the Development of Autonomy in Weapon Systems. SIPRI.