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Hadith is a record of the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad. It is the second most important source of Islamic law and guidance in Sunni Islam, after the Quran. Hadith are considered to be a primary source of knowledge about the Sunnah, which is the way of life of the Prophet Muhammad.
The status of hadith in Sunni Islam is very high. Muslims believe that hadith are a revelation from Allah, just like the Quran. This is because Muslims believe that the Prophet Muhammad spoke under divine inspiration, even when he was not delivering the Quran.
The Quran itself mentions the importance of hadith in several verses. For example, Allah says in the Quran:
يٰٓاَيُّھَا الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْٓا اَطِيْعُوا اللہَ وَاَطِيْعُوا الرَّسُوْلَ وَاُولِي الْاَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ
“O you who have faith! Obey Allah and Obey the Apostle and those vested with authority among you”.
This verse obliges the Muslims to obey three entities: First, to obey Allah; second, to obey Messenger and those vested with authority (Ulil-Amr). Ulil-Amr (those who are given authority by Allah). This is one of the places where the concept of Imamate and the necessity of obedience to them come from. (Quran 4:59)
This verse shows that Muslims are commanded to obey Allah, the Messenger, and those in authority. The Messenger here is referring to the Prophet Muhammad. The verse also shows that if Muslims differ in anything, they should refer it to Allah, the Messenger and the Ulil Amr.
Hadith are also important because they provide guidance on a wide range of topics, including:
Worship
Morals
Ethics
Law
Society
Family
Economics
Politics
In Shia Islam all contemporary issues are referred to the Ulil Amr - Imam of the time.
Hadith scholars in Sunni Islam have developed a rigorous system for evaluating the authenticity of hadith. This system is known as the science of hadith criticism. Hadith scholars have classified hadith into different categories based on their authenticity. The most authentic hadith are those that are narrated by multiple reliable narrators and have a clear chain of transmission back to the Prophet Muhammad.
The status of hadith in Sunni Islam is very important. Hadith are considered to be a primary source of knowledge about the Sunnah, and they provide guidance on a wide range of topics. Hadith scholars have developed a rigorous system for evaluating the authenticity of hadith, and the most authentic hadith are those that are narrated by multiple reliable narrators and have a clear chain of transmission back to the Prophet Muhammad.
The most important collections of hadith are known as the "Six Books" (Sahihain):
Sahih al-Bukhari
Sahih Muslim
Sunan Abu Dawud
Sunan al-Tirmidhi
Sunan al-Nasa'i
Sunan Ibn Majah
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